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- \.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\4CHIWRITER\.TUTORIAL\,
- \+
- \+
- 1. Cursor Movement\!\,
- \-
- \-
- \1The Cursor keys [Left], [Right], [Up] and [Down]\. in\. the\. numeric \"
- keypad\. move\. the\. cursor\. one\. unit\. in\. the\. desired\. direction.
- [Ctrl-Left], [Ctrl-Right] move one word to\. the\. left\. and\. right.
- [Home] and [End] move to the beginning\. and\. end\. of\. the\. screen,
- with intermediate stops at\. the\. beginning\. and\. end\. of\. a\. line.
- [Tab] and [Shift-Tab] move the cursor\. to\. the\. next\. or\. previous
- tab stop. \3Try them out now!\,
- \1[PgUp] and [PgDn] scroll one screen up and down,\. [Ctrl-Home]
- and [Crtl-End] move to the beginning\. and\. end\. of\. the\. document.
- [Ctrl-PgUp] and [Ctrl-PgDn] move the cursor one line up\. or\. down.
- \3Try them now and remember to hit \1[Ctrl-Home] \3to return here!\,
- \1To move the cursor to the next or previous\. occurrence\. of\. a
- character, hit [Grey +] or [Grey -], followed by\. that\. character.
- For example, [Grey +]a moves the cursor to the next\. a,\. [Grey\. -]
- [F3]b moves the previous italic \3b\1.\,
- \3Use \1[PgDn] \3in the following to page through this tutorial! If
- you want to quit the tutorial, hit \1[Ctrl-End] \3for directions.\,
- \+
- \+
- \42. Inserting Text\!\,
- \-
- \-
- \1To insert text, move the cursor anywhere on the screen\. and\. start \"
- typing. Use the [Backspace] key to delete the character before the
- cursor, the [Del] key to delete the character\. under\. the\. cursor.
- [Ins] toggles between \2"\1Insert mode\3" \1and \2"\1Overwrite\. mode\3"\1.\. (Check
- the \4INS \1indicator in the status line for the current\. mode.)\. \3Move
- the cursor to the \4* \3on the next line and type your name!\,
- \.\.\.\.\.\6Wade Peterson Now is the time for all good men to come to the
- aid of their country. \8,\,
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- \+
- \43. Font Change\!\,
- \-
- \-
- \110 fonts are available to you:\"\,
- F1: Roman F2: Symbol F3: \3Italic \1F4: \4Bold \1F5: \5Gothic\,
- \1F6: \6Small \1F7: Greek F8: \8Script \1F9: Math I F10: Math II\,
- To change the font, hit the desired function key on\. the\. left\. of
- the keyboard \3twice\1. Note that the \4FONT: \1indicator\. in\. the\. status
- line changes. If you hit the function key just \3once\1, only the next
- character is taken from the new font and the editor reverts to the
- old font. To see\. a\. font,\. type\. its\. function\. key\. and\. [Alt-H]
- (\2"\1Help\3"\1). \3Move the cursor to the next \4*\3, and try out the different
- fonts! Shift back to font 1 when you are done!\,
- \.\.\.\.\.\2P\1now is the\2&\1time for\,\/
- \+
- \+
- \44. The Anatomy of a Line\,\/
- \-
- \1Each document consists of a sequence of lines. Each line ends in a
- marker which is displayed at the rightmost column of\. the\. screen.
- There are two types of markers:\,
- A soft return marker \2__K
- \1A hard return marker \2__K\,
- \1Successive lines are separated by a short line segment in the last
- column and successive pages are separated by a long\. dotted\. line,
- like the one above this section.\,
- \+ superscripts
- \+ of
- \+ levels
- \+ several
- A line can have \!\,
- \- and
- \- subscripts.
- \+
- \+
- \45. Super- and Subscripts\,
- \-
- \-
- \3Move the cursor to the next \4* \3and type \1H [Down] 2 [Up] O\3!\,
- \-
- \+ \1o
- H\.O past it boils at 100\.C!\,
- \- 2
- Subscripts and superscripts can\. be\. inserted\. in\. any\. line.\. The \"
- return marker at the end of every line is at the \2"\1base\. level\3"\. \1of
- the line. If you move the cursor away from the base level,\. super-
- and subscripts can be\. inserted.\. If\. the\. cursor\. happens\. to\. be
- between two lines, a new level is inserted. \3Move the\. cursor\. back
- to the \1H O \3you just typed and insert past\. it\. \1boils\. at\. 100[Up]o \!
- \- 2
- [Down]C\3!\"\,
- \+
- \+
- \46. Adding and Zapping Levels\!\,
- \-
- \-
- \1If you type a formula or a table, you will need several levels\. of \"
- superscripts and subscripts. [Ctrl-A] adds\. one\. level\. below\. the
- cursor, and [Ctrl-Z] zaps (i.e. deletes) the level containing\. the
- cursor. However, you cannot zap if the cursor is in the base level
- or between two lines. When writing a formula, it is\. usually\. best
- to first add an ample number of levels and later\. zap\. the\. unused
- ones. \4Note: \1When editing a table or formula, turn insert mode \4off!
- \3Move the cursor to the next \4*\3, turn insert mode off, add about\. 10
- \+ \05______6
- \+ \62
- \+ \1-b \9+ \0r \1b -4ac
- \+
- \3levels and copy this formula: \1x\.\.\. = \2______________\3. When you\. are \!
- \- \61,2
- \- \12a
- \-
- \-
- \-
- \3done, turn insert mode back on! You will find the \2_ \3in font 2, the \"
- small \62 \3in font 6, the \9+ \3in font 9 and the characters to make\. the
- root sign in font 10. (This exercise is trickier\. than\. you\. might
- expect. Formula editing requires some practice and patience.)\,
- \.\.\.\.\.\4*\!\,\/
- \-
- \1Occasionally, you need to insert or delete characters in one level \"
- of a formula without\. wanting\. to\. shift\. the\. other\. levels.\. \3For
- example, try to delete the \2P \3from the following formula:\,
- \+ \05______6
- \+ \62
- \+ \1-b \9+ \0r \1b -4ac
- \+
- \.\.\.\.\.x\.\.\. = \2______________\3. \!\,
- \- \61,2
- \- \12\2P\1a
- \-
- \-
- \-
- If you use the [Del] key, the contents of all\. rows\. are\. deleted. \"
- You need to \3unsynchronize \1the index rows by hitting\. [Ctrl-S].\. In
- unsynchronized mode, insertion and deletion only\. affect\. the\. row
- containing the cursor,\. not\. the\. entire\. line.\. \3Try\. again\. after
- hitting \1[Ctrl-S]:\,
- \+ \05______6
- \+ \62
- \+ \1-b \9+ \0r \1b -4ac
- \+
- \.\.\.\.\.x\.\.\. = \2______________\3. \!\,
- \- \61,2
- \- \12\2P\1a
- \-
- \-
- \-
- \3Hit \1[Ctrl-S] \3again to switch back\. into\. synchronized\. mode.\. \1Note \"
- that\. the\. \4SYNC\. \1indicator\. in\. the\. status\. line\. disappears\.\. in
- unsynchronized mode.\,
- \+
- \+
- \47. Word Wrap and Formatting\,
- \-
- \-
- \1If you type text, don't use the [Return] key to end a\. line.\. When
- you go past\. the\. right\. margin,\. the\. last\. word\. will\. be\. moved
- automatically on a new line. The old line is terminated by a\. soft
- return. If justification mode is on (\4JUST \1in the status line), the
- old line is automatically right justified. Use [Ctrl-J] to\. toggle
- justification mode. At the end of every paragraph, you should\. use
- the [Return] key to insert a hard return.\,
- To format a paragraph, move the cursor into its first line. and
- hit [Ctrl-F]. If justification mode is on, the editor\. produces\. a
- flush right margin by inserting soft spaces (the ones\. that\. don't
- look like small dots),\. otherwise\. a\. ragged\. right\. margin.\. The
- formatting stops at the next hard return. \3Move the cursor\. to\. the
- next \4* \3and follow the instructions above it!\!\,
- \-
- \"\,
- Write a sentence that is longer than one line to see the word wrap. Then
- move the cursor to the
- first word of this paragraph and hit \1[Ctrl-F]\3!
- \4*\,
- \+
- \+
- 8. Changing the Margins, Tab Stops and Spacing.\!\,
- \-
- \-
- \1[Ctrl-L], [Ctrl-R] change the left and right margin resp.\. to\. the \"
- cursor column.\. [Ctrl-T]\. toggles\. the\. tab\. stop\. at\. the\. cursor \/
- column, i.e. creates a tab stop\. if\. there\. was\. none\. before\. and
- removes it otherwise. There is a margin\. and\. tab\. stop\. indicator
- below the status line. The maximum right margin\. is\. 77.\. \3Try\. out
- \1[Ctrl-L], [Ctrl-R] \3and \1[Ctrl-T]\3! Observe the effect on the\. status
- line! Be sure to reset the left margin to 1 and the\. right\. margin
- to 66 when you are done.\,
- \1The current spacing value\. determines\. the\. number\. of\. blank
- index rows added to each line to separate it from\. the\. next.\. The
- status line shows the current spacing value as \4SPAC:\1. Use\. [Alt-0]
- ... [Alt-9] to change it. For example, [Alt-2] switches to\. double
- spacing.\,
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- \+
- \49. Pagination\!\,
- \-
- \-
- \1The program automatically computes page breaks.\. However,\. if\. you \"
- want to force a page break (e.g. at the end\. of\. a\. chapter),\. hit
- [Ctrl-P]. Hitting [Ctrl-P] again removes the page break. \3Move\. the
- cursor to the next \4* \3and\. hit\. \1[Ctrl-P].\. \3Hit\. \1[Ctrl-P]\. \3again\. to
- remove the page break!\,
- \.\.\.\.\.\4*\,
- \1Note that the hard page breaks inserted by you show\. up\. as\. solid
- lines across the screen whereas the soft page breaks\. computed\. by
- the computer are dotted. \,
- Sometimes you need to inhibit\. a\. page\. break\. at\. a\. certain
- location, e.g. directly after a section heading. [Ctrl-N]\. toggles
- the line containing the cursor in and out of \2"\1No page break\3" \1mode.
- When in \2"\1No page break\3" \1mode, a page break will\. never\. be\. placed
- below it by the pagination routine. This node is\. indicated\. by\. a
- dotted separator dash below the return marker. \,
- \+
- \+
- \410. Splitting and Merging Lines. Deleting Lines. Centering Lines.\!\,
- \-
- \-
- \1To split a line in two, move the cursor at\. the\. desired\. location \"
- and enter a hard return\. with\. the\. [Return]\. key.\. To\. merge\. two
- successive lines, move the cursor to\. the\. last\. column\. (use\. the
- [End] key!), and delete the marker using the [Del] key.\. \3Move\. the
- cursor to the next \4* \3and\. hit\. \1[Return].\. \3Then\. delete\. the\. newly
- created hard return!\,
- \,
- Split this line \4* \3and merge it back together!\,
- \,
- \1Hitting [Alt-L] deletes the line containing\. the\. cursor.\. Hitting
- [Ctrl-C] centers it between the margins.\,
- \.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\.\3Center me by hitting \1[Ctrl-C]\3!\,\/
- \+
- \+
- \411. Highlighting\!\,\/
- \-
- \-
- \1For certain CHIWRITER commands, you have to\. specify\. a\. block\. of \"
- text by \3highlighting \1it. To highlight a block, move the cursor\. to
- the beginning of it and \3mark \1it by hitting [Alt-M]. Then move\. the
- cursor to the other end. The text between the marked position\. and
- the cursor is highlighted.\,
- You can cut out the highlighted text or change its\. font\. or
- spacing value. To change the font of each character\. in\. a\. block,
- highlight it and hit\. the\. associated\. font\. key [F\3n\1].\. To\. change\.
- the spacing, hit a spacing key [Alt-\3n\1]. \3Move\. the\. cursor\. to\. the
- next \4* \3and follow the instructions.\,
- \.\.\.\.\.\4* \3Hit \1[Alt-M]\3, move the cursor to the end and hit \1[F6].\,
- If you invoked highlighting by accident, hit [Esc] to cancel it.\,
- \+
- \+
- \412. Cut and Paste\!\,\/
- \-
- \-
- \1To delete a block of text, move the cursor to\. the\. beginning\. and \"
- mark it by hitting [Alt-M]. Then move the cursor to the end of the
- text and hit [Alt-C] (\2"\1Cut\3"\1). The highlighted area is cut out\. and
- placed into a buffer. To insert the buffer contents anywhere\. into
- the text, move the cursor to the insert location and\. hit\. [Alt-P]
- (\2"\1Paste\3"\1). If you want to copy a block\. into\. the\. buffer\. without
- deleting it, highlight it and hit [Alt-D] (\2"\1Duplicate\3"\1).\. \3Cut\. out
- the first part of the sentence\. below\. and\. paste\. it\. behind\. the
- second part!\,
- \4* \1Mark here and cut until here \4* \1and paste here: \,
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- \+
- \413. Search and Replace\,
- \-
- \1To search for a phrase in the document, hit [Alt-S] and enter\. the
- search pattern. Hit [Esc] to start the search. Subsequent\. [Alt-S]
- commands search for more matches until either\. no\. more\. match\. is
- found\. or\. the\. current\. pattern\. is\. deleted\. with\. the\.\. [Alt-F]
- (\2"\1Forget\3"\1) command. \3Try it out: Move the cursor\. here\. \4*\. \3and\. hit
- \1[Alt-S]the[Esc] \3to move the cursor to the next \1the. \,
- To search for a phrase and replace it with another\. one,\. use
- the [Alt-R] command and enter search pattern and replacement\. text
- when prompted.\,
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- \+
- \414. The FULL Indicator\,
- \-
- \1The file you are editing is stored in\. the\. computer\. memory.\. You
- should save it occasionally, especially if you have problems\. with
- the electrical power. Also, since the memory size is limited,\. you
- should take care that your file fits inside. If\. you\. run\. out\. of \/
- memory, the editor will\. try\. to\. save\. your\. text\. (in\. the\. file
- OVERFLOW.CHI) and\. terminate\. execution.\. You\. should\. avoid\. that
- unfriendly event by looking at the \4FULL \1indicator periodically. If
- it is in the 90% range, save your file! \3Check the\. \4FULL\. \3indicator
- now!\,
- \+
- \+
- \415. Key Sequences\,
- \-
- \1Sequences of keystrokes can be stored, given a name\. and\. replayed
- later by CHIWRITER.\. To\. replay\. a\. key\. sequence,\. hit\. [Ctrl-K],
- enter the name of the\. sequence\. and\. hit\. [Return].\. Here\. is\. an
- example: We programmed a key sequence that\. deletes\. the\. sentence
- containing the cursor, and named it DLS. \3Move the\. cursor\. to\. the
- next \4* \3and enter \1[Ctrl-K]DLS[Return]\3! The sentence containing\. the
- cursor will be deleted\1.\,
- Here\. is\. a\. demonstration\. of\. the\. \2"\1Delete\. Sentence\3"\.\. \1key
- sequence.
- To record a key sequence, hit [Ctrl-D]\. (\2"\1Define\3"\1),\. enter\. a
- name followed by [Return], hit the keystrokes you want\. to\. record
- and hit [Ctrl-D] again to complete the definition. While recording
- is in progress, there is a \4DEF \1indicator in the status line.\,
- If you hit [Ctrl-K] or [Ctrl-D] by\. accident,\. hit\. [Esc]\. to
- cancel the command.\,
- \+
- \+
- \416. How to Print. Headers and Footers. Print Options.\!\,
- \-
- \-
- \1Leave edit mode by hitting [Esc]. Select the P (Print) option from \"
- the main menu, turn the printer on and\. select\. R\. (Regular\. print
- mode). This tutorial will be printed.\. You\. can\. hit\. any\. key\. to
- stop the printout. To return here, select ED (Edit Document)\. from
- the main menu. \,
- There are three print modes: Draft,\. Regular\. and\. Slow.\. The
- draft mode is intended for fast printing with\. little\. regard\. for
- beauty. Regular or Slow should be\. used\. for\. presentable\. output;
- it depends on your printer\. which\. of\. these\. two\. modes\. produces
- better results. \,
- To suppress printing\. of\. page\. numbers,\. delete\. the\. footer
- containing them with the\. DFA\. (\2"\1Delete\. Footer\. for\. All\. pages\3"\1)
- command. There are variable header and footer\. capabilities\. (e.g.
- different headers on even/odd pages, but suppress header\. on\. page
- 1); consult the manual for details. \,
- Look at the PO (\2"\1Print Options\3"\1)\. to\. print\. out\. part\. of\. a
- document or set the starting page number. \,
- \+
- \+
- \416. The Current Disk/Directory\,\/
- \-
- \-
- \1To see a list of the files on the\. current\. directory, use\. the FD
- command (\2"\1File Directory\3"\1). This is the equivalent\. of\. the\. DIR/W
- command\. in\. DOS.\. To\. change\. the\. current\. disk/directory\. which
- CHIWRITER uses to load and save documents,\. use\. the\. CD\. (\2"\1Change
- Directory\3"\1) command and enter the name of the new drive (e.g.\. B:)
- or the new directory (e.g. \\CHIWRITE\\LETTER).\,
- \+
- \+
- \416. How To Get Out\,
- \-
- \-
- \1To end the edit session and save your file, hit [Alt-Q]\. (\2"\1Quit\3"\1).
- Your file will be saved and the input file will\. be\. renamed\. with
- the extension .BAK. If you do not want to save your file\. (because
- you only wanted to read\. it\. or\. messed\. it\. up\. too\. much\. during
- editing), hit [Esc]. Either way, you\. get\. to\. the\. editor's\. main
- command menu. Hit Q and answer Y when asked\. whether\. you\. do\. NOT
- want to save your changes. \3Since you\. do\. not\. want\. to\. save\. the
- changes you just made to this tutorial, hit \1[Esc] Q Y \3to quit.\,
- \=